What Does Diamagnetic Mean in Chemistry

There are different forms of magnetism, a list that includes ferromagnetism, antiferromagnetism, paramagnetism, and diamagnetism. Key Takeaways: Diamagnetism A diamagnetic substance does not have unpaired electrons and is not attracted to a magnetic field.All materials display diamagnetism, but to be diamagnetic, this must be the only contribution to its magnetic behavior.Examples of diamagnetic materials include water, wood, and ammonia. Diamagnetism In chemistry and physics, to be diamagnetic indicates that a substance contains no unpaired electrons  and is not attracted to a magnetic field. Diamagnetism is a quantum mechanical effect that is found in all materials, but for a substance to be termed diamagnetic it must be the only contribution to the matters magnetic effect. A diamagnetic material has a permeability less than that of a vacuum. If the substance is placed in a magnetic field, the direction of its induced magnetism will be opposite to that of iron (a ferromagnetic material), producing a repulsive force. In contrast, ferromagnetic and paramagnetic materials are attracted to magnetic fields. Sebald Justinus Brugmans first observed diamagnetism in 1778, noting antimony and bismuth were repelled by magnets. Michael Faraday coined the terms diamagnetic and diamagnetism to describe the property of repulsion in a magnetic field. Examples Diamagnetism is seen in water, wood, most organic molecules, copper, gold, bismuth, and superconductors. Most living organisms are essentially diamagnetic. NH3 is diamagnetic because all the electrons in NH3 are paired. Usually, diamagnetism is so weak it can only be detected by special instruments.  However, diamagnetism is strong enough in  superconductors  to be readily  apparent. The effect is used to make materials appear to levitate. Another demonstration of diamagnetism may be seen using water and a super magnet (such as a rare earth magnet). If a powerful magnet is covered with a layer of water that is thinner than the diameter of the magnet, the magnetic field repels the water. The minor dimple formed in the water may be viewed by reflection in the waters surface. Sources Jackson, Roland. John Tyndall and the Early History of Diamagnetism. Annals of Science. Kittel, Charles. ,Introduction to Solid State Physics 6th edition. John Wiley Sons.Landau, L.D. Diamagnetismus der Metalle. Zeitschrift fà ¼r Physik A Hadrons and Nuclei.

Women During The Civil War - 1523 Words

There were many famous names from the Civil War, some of the more notable names were: Ulysses S. Grant, Thomas â€Å"Stonewall† Jackson, and George Custer. These names are synonymous with great generals who fought great battles during the war, but what about Sarah Emma Edmonds, Clara Burton, Dorthea Dix, Rose O’Neal Greenhow, and Loreta Janeta Velazquez? These names are not as known as their male counterparts, but these ladies of the Civil War Era did their part to aide their respective sides in the war. What these and other women did during the civil war may not seem as important, but without their skills, knowledge, and actions some of the great battles might have gone the other way. The Civil War marked a turning point for women and their†¦show more content†¦The information that she reported was invaluable in the Union’s siege of Yorktown in 1862. Although the exact number of nurses that served in the Civil War is not known, it is estimated that betw een 2,000-5,000 ladies served as nurses. The nurse’s job was not an easy one, they assisted surgeons during surgery, they cleaned and fed the troops that were in recovery, they would bandage wounds and dispense medicine to those that needed it. Some of the more notable nurses are: Dorothea Dix- part of the founders of the US Sanitation Committee, Clara Burton-founder of American Red Cross, Louis May Alcott, and Helen Gilson. Clara Burton, also known as the â€Å"Angel of the Battlefield†, started out working in the federal government in the patent office. She was the first woman to ever hold senior clerkship, but once the war broke out, she gave up her job and went to help tend to the sick and wounded soldiers. She earned her nickname by riding around the battlefield delivering supplies and helping soldiers wherever she went. Due to her hard work, in 1864 she was appointed to Superintendent of the Female Nurses for the Union Army. Later, she was appointed by President Show MoreRelatedWomen During The Civil War1049 Words   |  5 PagesFor Civil War women in the 1860s it was predictable wisdom that a â€Å"woman’s place is in the home,† but the Civil War challenged this view. There were many women who played an important role in the Civil War. It is normal to think the Civil War was a man’s fight. However during the war, many women challenged the role of the women and took on different roles. While the men marched off to war, the women had to work hard and try to provide for their families. Women became doctors, spies, nurses, couriersRead MoreWomen During The Civil War1388 Words   |  6 PagesThe Civil War altered the lives of women, in both the North and South, just as it altered the nation as a whole. Although it is irrefutable that both the North and the South felt the wrath of the war, the South encountered a unique set of troubles that caused the weight of the war to fall predominantly on Southern women. Attempting to understand the experiences of all Southern women during the Civil War does not come without its challenges. It is impossible to connect the stories and experiencesRead MoreWomen During The Civil War1400 Words   |  6 PagesThe Civil War has often been referred to as the war between brothers, but when the war started women were still expected to stay at home and take care of the house and children, with little to no income. Many stories that originated from the Civil War talk about the battlefront and not the home front. This leaves us wondering what the spouses of the soldiers did to survive, especially if they had multiple children in the home. We do not know what women did during the war and if they had any impactRead MoreWomen During The Civil War2024 Words   |  9 PagesIn the 1860’s, American society during the war was of two minds. To fully illustrate the discontent and anger felt for the war, analysis of the personal accounts of women during the Civil War will be introduced in this writing. The personal accounts include diary excerpts and letters, as well as an illustration produced at the time of the war. The wavering of unity on both the South and North due to the separation of family and the destruction of the United States and its individuals set the toneRead MoreWomen During The Civil War2226 Words   |  9 Pagesof women in society have always been a topic for debate. Some think women should be in the kitchen cooking meal and having lots children. Others feel that women can contribute to society in ways that are not a part of the family home, but outside the in board rooms and operating rooms. This paper is going to argue how chauvinistic thoughts of women helped propel the female gender into great spies during the civil war. During the era of the civil war attitudes of women spying during a war wasRead MoreWomen During The Civil War Essay1540 Words   |  7 Pagesworld dominated by men, women had been forced to comply with so ciety s blinding notion that they were pieces of property meant to play the domesticated role of a dutiful housewife. This was true up until the late 1840s when women began to realize their worth was so much more than a floor-moping, dinner-making, stain-bleaching slave to six children and an ungrateful husband. That may sound rash and some situations may have been different, but before the civil war these women did not have the opportunitiesRead MoreWomen During The Civil War3240 Words   |  13 PagesThe American Civil War was a time of pronounced racial and gender role changes. Despite political tension and fighting, many women began to hold a variety of jobs in order to make valuable contributions to the war effort. Moreover, a patriarchal government governed the effects of slavery and the economy. Nonetheless, the influence women had during the Civil War tends to be minimized, especially African American women. Despite facing discrimination, black women greatly influenced the war effort. TheRead MoreWomen During The Civil War Essay1537 Words   |  7 Pagesworld dominated by men, women had been forced to comply with society s blinding notion that they were pieces of property meant to play the domesticated role of a dutiful housewife. This was true up until the late 1840s when women began to realize their worth was so much more than a floor-moping, dinner-making, stain-bleaching slave to six children and an ungrateful husband. That may sound rash and some situations may have been different, but before the civil war these women did not have the opportunitiesRead MoreWomen During The Civil War997 Words   |  4 PagesMany people believe that women did not play any essential roles in our country’s history until the 1960s. However, this is not the case. Women have played many vital roles in suffrage movements as attempts to shed light upon or cure many of the ills of American society throughout American history. As an example, women fought to change the course and ideologies that were bestowed upon them by the traditional viewpoints of society of the time. The status of women was shifting rapidly in the ProgressiveRead MoreWomen During The Civil War1336 Words   |  6 Pages Women have been increasingly praised for having excellent skills for leadership. Women, more than men, manifest leadership styles associated with effective performance as leaders. However, more people prefer male than female bosses. That has made it more difficult for women to become leaders and to succeed in male-dominated leadership roles. An American woman in the workforce is often overlooked when studying the progress of American society. American women have gone through struggles

Lost in Yonkers and One Flew over the Cuckoo’s Nest Critical Lens Free Essays

The Unintentionally Hero Umberto Eco once wrote, â€Å"A real hero is always a hero by mistake†¦ † This quotation means that when a person doesn’t intentionally try to be a hero, but results in being the hero, is a true hero. I agree with this quotation, as it holds true in life and in literature. Both Lost In Yonkers by Neil Simon and One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest by Ken Kesey, support that heros are those who act bravely upon themselves and not those who act the way to become the hero. We will write a custom essay sample on Lost in Yonkers and One Flew over the Cuckoo’s Nest Critical Lens or any similar topic only for you Order Now Lost In Yonkers is a story about a father, Eddie, who has to leave his two sons with his mother for care. He has to leave because he borrowed a mass amount of money from a loan shark to pay for his wife’s medical bills. Eddie tells his boys, â€Å"The doctors, the hospital, cost me everything I had†¦ And everything I didn’t have†¦ And finally it cost me everything i was going to have†¦ I was broke and I went into debt†¦ Into hock†¦ Only I didn’t have anything left to hock†¦ So i went to a man†¦ A shylock, they call him†¦ A loan shark. † A loan shark is a person who specializes in marking loads to desperate people. Eddie couldn’t have gone to the bank because the bank would of refused or asked for interest or for collateral, all of which Eddie can’t afford. A shylock doesn’t need collateral. His collateral is your desperation. When Eddie got the money form the Shylock, a clock starts. When the clock is up, the Shylock expects his money and if the money isn’t there, lives will be taken instead. The only way for him to pay back the Shylock was to take a job selling scrap iron; however, the job requires a lot of traveling. The only way for him to take the job was to leave his sons. It is revealed in the dialogue the misery he feels. He loves his sons tremendously and feels awful that he has to leave them for nine months. He says, â€Å"I’m not asking for myself. I’m asking for my boys. For my boys, I’ll be obligates,† to Jay and Arty. In this dialogue passage, he shows that for his boys, he’ll do anything. Eddie is being a true hero by stepping up to the plate and taking action for his early acts. He goes into deep debt by trying to save his wife, and now he has to risk his life to save his boys. He might not realize that he is a hero, but his actions justify the means. In One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest, a man named Randle McMurphy becomes another victim in the mental ward under the control of Nurse Ratched, or also known as the Big Nurse by the other mental patients. Randle comes into the hospital ready to rebel and start a riot. At their daily group therapy session, Randle asks Nurse Ratched, â€Å"†¦ remember that vote we had a day or so back–about TV time? Well, today’s Friday and I thought I might just bring it up again, just to see if anybody else has picked up a little guts. † The vote was regarding about the patients and how they wanted to watch the World Series during TV time. The conflict is, Nurse Ratched doesn’t want the patients to have control. She likes to be in control. Once again, she wins the vote. At the climax of the first half of the book, Nurse Ratched lose her temper. Randle looks at the time and he realizes it’s time for the game. He â€Å"drags his armchair out to in front of the TV set, then switches on the set and sits down,† even though he lost the vote. The Big Nurse looks at Randle and then goes to the control room and flips a switch which causes the TV picture to swirl back into the gray. Even though this all happened, Randle is stilly sitting there. Nurse Ratched goes up to him and says, â€Å"I said, Mr. McMurphy, that you are supposed to be working during these hours,† in a tight voice. This is where she loses her temper. As she is warning Randle, other patients of the mental ward goes to grab a chair and pulls in next to Randle. Her last words were, â€Å"You men-Stop this. STOP! † before she was just like the rest of them, crazy. By hitting this climactical point, it shows that Randle McMurphy can really do anything he wishes. These two scenes where he stood up for what he wanted and what the other patients wanted showed that he is a hero. It may not be the genetically typically hero from some TV show, but a hero indeed. He fought for him and the other victims to be able to watch the World Series on TV but to be shut down by Nurse Ratched. Normally, no patient would even dare to suggest or question the Big Nurse. Randel stood up and stepped up. Also, when he dragged the chair in front of the TV, it showed he was not ready to be defeated so easily. He didn’t do these things to be a hero, but he did those things because he believe it was the right thing to do. What you see is what you get–we see Randle being a leader and brave and that is what we get. â€Å"A real hero is always a hero by mistake†¦ † means that people who unintentionally become the hero in the end are the true heros rather than those who try to become the heros with their actions. I agree much with this quotation for it holds true in life and literature. Eddie was a true hero in Lost In Yonkers and Randle was a true hero in One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest. How to cite Lost in Yonkers and One Flew over the Cuckoo’s Nest Critical Lens, Essay examples

Oedipus RexSophocles Essay Research Paper JOCASTAMy lords free essay sample

Oedipus Rex-Sophocles Essay, Research Paper Jocasta My Godheads look amazed to see your queen with garlands and gifts of incense in her custodies. I had a head to see the high shrines, for Oedipus is nervous, alarmed with assorted panics. He will non utilize his past experience, like a adult male of sense, to judge the present demand, but lends his ear to any croaker that argues. Since so my advocates wear? Ts have an advantage, I turn to thee, our aid when we are in problem, Apollo, Lord Lycean, and to you my supplications and supplications I bring. Ease us, Godhead, and cleanse us from this expletive! For now we all are intimidated. Who see their steersman confused in the storm. ] Messenger: My Masterss, state me where the castle of Oedipus is ; or better, where # 8217 ; s the male monarch. Chorus Here is the castle and he lives within it ; this is his queen the female parent of his kids. Messenger: All happiness attend her and the house. Her marriage-bed and hubby are both blessed. Jocasta: My salutations to you, stranger ; whose sensible words deserve a similar response. But tell me why have you come # 8211 ; what do you necessitate or what intelligence do you hold? Messenger: It is good for your hubby and the royal house. Jocasta: What is it? Whose courier are you? Messenger: The Isthmian parks have resolved to do your hubby male monarch? at least that is what I heard. Jocasta: What! Isn? T aged Polybus still king? Messenger: No, regretfully ; he # 8217 ; s dead and in his grave. Jocasta: What! The sire of Oedipus is dead? Messenger: If I don? t speak the truth I may decease. Jocasta: Quick, maiden, Tell this intelligence to my Godhead. The god-sent prophets, where are they now? This is the adult male whom Oedipus long turned off from, in apprehension to turn out his liquidator ; and now he dies in nature # 8217 ; s class, non by Oedipus? behaviors. Oedipus: My married woman, my queen, Jocasta, why have you called me from my castle. Jocasta: Listen to this adult male, and explicate what happened to the prophets. Oedipus: Who is this adult male, and what is his intelligence for me? Jocasta: He comes from Corinth and his message is this: your male parent Polybus has passed off. Oedipus: What? State me in your ain words. Messenger: There is no other manner of stating this, the male monarch is dead. Oedipus: By old age, or by illness? Messenger: One touch will direct an old adult male to his remainder. Oedipus: It was sickness so? Messenger: Yes, and his age. Oedipus: Ah! why should one see the Pythian fireplace or birds that scream in the air? Did they non indicate at me stating I killed my male parent? but he # 8217 ; s dead and in his grave, and here I am who neer touched a blade ; unless the yearning for his absent boy killed him and so I slew him in a sense. But, as they stand, the prophets are dead # 8211 ; dust, ashes, nil, dead as Polybus. Jocasta: Did I non foretell this long ago? Oedipus: You did: but I was misled by my fright. Jocasta: Don? T of all time think of these things once more. Oedipus: Can I non fear my female parent # 8217 ; s matrimony bed. Jocastas: Why should a mortal adult male, with no assured precognition, be afraid? It is best if one lives a careless life through. Don? T fright this matrimony with your female parent. How frequently does the opportunity that a adult male weds his female parent! No sensible adult male is troubled by this. Oedipus: I should hold had full assurance, is non my female parent alive ; since she lives I still have to worry. Jocasta: And yet thy sire # 8217 ; s decease visible radiations out darkness much. Oedipus Much, but my fright is touching her who lives. Messenger Who may this adult female be whom therefore you fear? Oedipus Merope, alien, married woman of Polybus. Messenger And what of her can do you any fright? Oedipus A providential prophet of awful import. Messenger A enigma, or may a alien hear it? Oedipus Aye, # 8217 ; tis no secret. Loxias one time foretold That I should copulate with mine ain female parent, and shed With my ain hands the blood of my ain sire. Hence Corinth was for many a twelvemonth to me A place distant ; and I trove abroad, But missed the sweetest sight, my parents # 8217 ; face. Messenger Was this the fright that exiled thee from place? Oedipus Yea, and the apprehension of murdering my ain sire. Messenger Why, since I came to give thee pleasance, King, Have I non rid thee of this 2nd fright? Oedipus Well, 1000 shalt have due guerdon for thy strivings. Messenger Well, I confess what chiefly made me come Was hope to gain by thy coming place. Oedipus Nay, I will ne # 8217 ; er travel near my parents more. Messenger My boy, # 8217 ; Ti field, 1000 know # 8217 ; st non what thou doest. Oedipus How so, old adult male? For Eden # 8217 ; s interest state me all. Messenger If this is why thou dreadest to return. Oedipus Yea, lest the God # 8217 ; s word be fulfilled in m vitamin E. Messenger Lest through thy parents thou shouldst be accursed? Oedipus This and none other is my changeless apprehension. Messenger Dost thou non cognize thy frights are baseless all? Oedipus How baseless, if I am their very boy? Messenger Since Polybus was naught to thee in blood. Oedipus What say # 8217 ; st thou? was non Polybus my sire? Messenger As much thy sire as I am, and no more. Oedipus My sire no more to me than one who is naught? Messenger Since I begat thee non, no more did he. Oedipus What ground had he so to name me boy? Messenger Know that he took thee from my custodies, a gift. Oedipus Yet, if no kid of his, he loved me good. Messenger A childless adult male boulder clay so, he warmed to thee. Oedipus A abandoned infant or a purchased slave, this kid? Messenger I found thee in Cithaeron # 8217 ; s wooded glens. Oedipus What led thee to research those highland clearings? Messenger My concern was to be given the mountain flocks. Oedipus A aimless shepherd journeying for hire? Messenger True, but thy Jesus in that hr, my boy. Oedipus My Jesus? from what injury? what ailed me so? Messenger Those ankle articulations are grounds enow. Oedipus Ah, why remind me of that antediluvian sore? Messenger I loosed the pin that riveted thy pess. Oedipus Yes, from my cradle that awful trade name I bore. Messenger Whence 1000 deriv # 8217 ; st the name that still is thine. Oedipus Who did it? I adjure thee, state me who Say, was it father, mother? Messenger I know non. The adult male from whom I had thee may cognize more. Oedipus What, did another happen me, non thyself? Messenger Not I ; another shepherd gave thee me. Oedipus Who was he? Would # 8217 ; st 1000s know once more the adult male? Messenger He passed so for one of Laius # 8217 ; house. Oedipus The male monarch who ruled the state long ago? Messenger The same: he was a herder of the male monarch. Oedipus And is he populating still for me to see him? Messenger His fellow-countrymen should outdo know that. Oedipus Doth any bystander among you know The herd he speaks of, or by seeing him Afield or in the metropolis? answer heterosexual! The hr hath semen to unclutter this concern up. Chorus Methinks he means none other than the hind Whom 1000 anon wert fain to see ; but that Our queen Jocasta best of all could state. Oedipus Madam, dost know the adult male we sent to bring? Is the same of whom the alien speaks? Jocasta Who is the adult male? What affair? Let it be. # 8216 ; Twere waste of idea to weigh such idle words. Oedipus No, with such steering hints I can non neglect To convey to illume the secret of my birth. Jocasta Oh, as thou carest for thy life, give O # 8217 ; er This quest. Enough the anguish _I_ endure. Oedipus Be of good cheer ; though I be proved the boy Of a bondswoman, aye, through three descents Triply a slave, thy award is unsmirched. Jocasta Yet wit me, I pray thee ; make non this. Oedipus I can non ; I must examine this affair place. Jocasta # 8216 ; Tis for thy interest I advise thee for the best. Oedipus I grow impatient of this best advice. Jocasta Ah mayst 1000 Ne # 8217 ; er detect who thou art! Oedipus Go, bring me here the herd, and leave yon adult female To glorification in her pride of lineage. Jocasta O unhappiness is thee, hapless wretch! With that last word I leave thee, from now on silent evermore. Chorus Why, Oedipus, why stung with passionate heartache Hath the queen therefore departed? Much I fear From this dead composure will split a storm of sufferings. Oedipus Let the storm explosion, my fixed resoluteness still holds, To larn my line of descent, be it ne # 8217 ; er so low. It may be she with all a adult female # 8217 ; s pride Thinks contempt of my base parenthood. But I Who rank myself as Fortune # 8217 ; s favourite kid, The giver of good gifts, shall non be shamed. She is my female parent and the changing Moons My brethren, and with them I wax and ebb. Therefore sprung why should I fear to follow my birth? Nothing can do me other than I am. 331

Progressive Era v. New Deal free essay sample

During the New Deal, many government planners and leaders drew inspiration for their policies from Progressive era reforms. New Dealers saw in the early twentieth century Progressive movement an innovative campaign to address the social and economic dislocations which were directly relevant to the crisis of the Great Depression. New Dealers also found in the Progressive movement an example of gradual reform through democratic institutions. In addition, the Progressives had insisted upon the need for government to promote social justice, to preserve democracy, and to provide security to Americans, all principles that New Dealers championed as well. But the New Deal was not simply a continuation of Progressivism. In several important ways, the New Deal of Franklin Roosevelt set the United States on a course that diverged substantially from the vision of Progressivism. In particular, The New Deal accepted that the United States was a pluralist nation and moved away from the overbearing program of assimilation that had characterized the Progressive era solution to national identity. We will write a custom essay sample on Progressive Era v. New Deal or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page And the New Dealers did not revive the imperialist ambitions that had led the United States into intervention throughout the world during the Progressive era. In the end, the differences between the New Deal and Progressivism are no less important than the similarities. At the most basic level, economic depressions inspired both the Progressive movement and the New Deal. The severe economic dislocation that followed the Depression of 1893 called into question the prevailing belief in laissez faire government. With millions of Americans unemployed, calls from business leaders and politicians for Americans to patiently await the return of prosperity left many Americans frustrated. Motivated often by both a concern for the victims of the depression as well as by fears of violent social disorder, middle class reformers applied social planning and social science to tame the problems that beset industrial America. When the New Dealers confronted the Great Depression, they envisioned their efforts as the culmination of a campaign to impose order on the American economy that had begun after the depression of 1893. From the perspective of New Dealers, Progressive era reforms had established important precedents for government intervention in the economy but had not gone far enough to prevent economic uncertainty. Urged on by severe economic distress and the looming threat of social unrest, both progressives and New Dealers sought to reform American capitalism. They shared the assumption that it was possible to reconcile social justice with capitalism. Although both the Progressives and the New Dealers tirelessly advocated economic cooperation and efforts to address the plight of the nation’s neediest, neither group proposed any coercive redistribution of wealth. Indeed, they sought to reform capitalism so that it would not be replaced by radical alternatives. For the Progressives, the threat came from violent and revolutionary anarchism; for the New Dealers, from reactionary nationalist movements like those that emerged in Italy and Germany. The defense of democratic institutions, then, was bound up in the reform of American capitalism for both Progressives and New Dealers. Both the Progressives and the New Dealers shared a belief in the possibility that government could promote and speed social improvement. At times of great uncertainty and change, both Progressives and New Dealers insisted that the state could be used to achieve a measure of security and order. This confidence in the state reflected the confidence of both Progressives and New Dealers that government officials could use the tools of modern social science to discern the appropriate policies to address the nation’s needs. In other words, both the Progressives and the New Dealers looked to government bureaucracies to generate and oversee much of the most important business of government. This faith in government policy makers may seem curious to us, given the negative stereotypes of bureaucrats that are commonplace today. But both Progressives and New Dealers assumed that bureaucrats, motivated by a sense of public service and informed by their professional expertise, were far more likely to propose and implement disinterested policies that would benefit the broad public than would most elected politicians, who were beholden to special interests. The experience of government activism during World War One bolstered the faith of New Dealers in the capacity of activist government to address problems in critical areas of the nation’s economy. Even before Americans entered the war in 1917, President Woodrow Wilson had secured the expansion of the regulatory power of the federal government in order to regulate the nation’s financial institutions and the passage of a progressive federal income tax that taxed the wealthier at a higher level than the middle and working classes. Although significant, these measures were modest compared with those that followed during World War One. Going to war in 1917 entailed a complete reorientation of the American economy. For the army and navy to suceed abroad, mass production f war materials had to be centrally planned, and only the federal government could fulfill this role. The Wilson administration created various new agencies to manage the American war economy, including an agency that oversaw the nation’s railroads, a War Industries Board that supervised all war-related production, even to the point of setting prices, and a labor board that resolved disputes between workers and employers. The close cooperation between industry and government produced efficiency, but did not ignore the interests of workers. Taking an unprecedented position, the Wilson administration promoted adequate wages, reduced work hours, and the right of workers to form unions. For at least two decades before the United States entered World War One, a debate raged over the proper role of the federal government in regulating industry and protecting people who could not protect themselves. Controversy had also centered on te question of how much power the government should have to tax and control individuals and corporations. The war and the problems it raised did not resolve all of these questions. But the war did substantially expand the power of the federal government and demonstrated that in times of crisis the federal government could play a decisive role. It was this lesson that encouraged the New Dealers to adopt many of the policies during Roosevelt’s so-called Hundred Days to use federal influence to organize, coordinate, and regulate the nations economy. If New Deal reforms would eventually expanded the federal government far beyond anything that had been possible during the Progressive era, much of the underlying vision of the New Deal may nevertheless be traced to the experience with government during Wold War One. For all of these similarities and continuities between Progressivism and New Deal reform, it would be a mistake to conclude that the New Deal was simply reheated Progressivism. New Deal nationalism differed fundamentally from the nationalism of the Progressive era. Progressives displayed far more enthusiasm for using the government to exert social control over public behavior. The passage of the 18th Amendment prohibiting the manufacture and sale of alcohol was perhaps the most conspicuous example of this tendency. But it also included efforts to coerce immigrants into assimilating into American society. Fearing that immigrants threatened the very basis of American democracy, many Progressives advocated strong measures to compel immigrants to speak English and adopt American values. Ethnic traditions could be tolerated as long as they represented little more than a quaint nostalgia for the former homeland, but allegiance to American institutions and values was inviolable. This coercive form of nationalism was especially powerful during World War One, when German Americans and immigrant opponents of the war were targets of extralegal violence, persecution, and deportations. Roosevelt and the New Dealers, in contrast, envisioned a pluralist American society in which shared principles of equality before the law and a sense of civic responsibility would unite Americans. In part because the waves of massive immigration had been drastically reduced by reform of the nation’s immigration laws during the 1920s, the issue of immigration was much less charged during the 1930s. Even so, Roosevelt and his administration reached out to America’s immigrant communities and actively promoted greater tolerance toward them. Instead of looking upon persisting ethnic traditions as a threat to American identity, the New Dealers celebrated the nation’s ethnic cultures as a source of strength and creativity. This tolerance for America’s diversity found expression in the New Deal policies for Native Americans and in the New Deal’s responsiveness to African Americans. John Collier, Commissioner of Indian Affairs during the New Deal, rejected the assumption that Indians’ survival depended on their assimilation into white culture. He recognized the autonomy of tribes and instituted bicultural and bilingual education at schools for Indians. There were limits to the New Dealers’ commitment to pluralism; Roosevelt allowed political expediency to constrain his efforts on behalf of racial justice. Because he needed the support of southern white congressmen he dragged his feet over civil rights legislation that would have made lynching a federal crime. And during WW Two his administration ignored the civil rights of Japanese Americans, who allegedly posed a threat to national security, and interred them in relocation camps. But these conspicuous and regrettable lapses were exceptions to the general pattern of tolerance that the New Dealers displayed towards the nation’s diversity. The New Dealers also pursued a foreign policy that differed in important ways from that of the Progressive. Motivated by faith in the superiority of American institutions and democracy, Progressive era presidents, especially Theodore Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson, had engaged in imperialistic adventures in the Caribbean basin and elsewhere. The Wilson administration had also viewed the victory of the Bolsheviks in the Russian Revolution as a disaster for global democracy and organized worldwide opposition to the revolution. Prompted by an interest in selling American goods to the Soviet Union, the New Dealers established diplomatic relations with the Soviet Union. Led by Secretary of State Cordell Hull, Roosevelt’s administration also reversed the earlier policy of intervention in South America. The United States continued to support dictators, especially in Central America, beacuse they promised to promote stability and preserve American economic interests. But Roosevelt promoted a Good Neighbor policy that included the removal of American forces from Haiti and Nicaragua in 1934 and in a series of important pan-American conferences. When he pledged that the United States would not interfere in the internal or external affairs of any other country in the hemisphere he broke with the tradition of interventionism established by his Progressive era predecessors. In a real sense, the relationship between Roosevelt’s foreign policy to that of his Progressive era predecessors was characteristic of the relationship between Progressivism and the New Deal. Progressivism established a precedent for government activism that the New Dealers repeatedly drew inspiration from. But the New Dealers did not duplicate the reforms of the Progressive era. Indeed, Prohibition was repealed and their was no coercive campaign to Americanize immigrants during the New Deal. Instead, New Dealers set out to adapt the expanded state that they inherited from the Progressives to the circumstances of the Great Depression. And their experiments went much further than had the tentative reforms of the Pr

How To Use Spanish Interrogative Pronouns

How To Use Spanish Interrogative Pronouns Interrogative pronouns are those pronouns that are used almost exclusively in questions. In both Spanish and English, interrogative pronouns are typically placed at or very near the beginning of a sentence. The Spanish Interrogatives Following are the interrogative pronouns in Spanish with their translations and examples of their usage. Note that in some cases the pronouns can vary in translation when they follow a preposition. Also, some of the pronouns exist in singular and plural forms and (in the case of cunto) masculine and feminine forms that should match the noun they stand for. quià ©n, quià ©nes - who, whom -  ¿Quià ©n es tu amiga? (Who is your friend?)  ¿Quià ©n es? (Who is it?)  ¿A quià ©nes conociste? (Whom have you met?)  ¿Con quià ©n andas? (Whom are you walking with?)  ¿De quià ©n es esta computadora? (Whose computer is this?)  ¿Para quià ©nes son las comidas? (Whom are the meals for?)quà © - what (The phrases por quà © and para quà © are usually translated as why. Por quà © is more common than para quà ©. They are sometimes interchangeable; para quà © can be used only when asking about the intent or purpose of something happening and can be thought of as meaning what for.) -  ¿Quà © es esto? (What is this?)  ¿Quà © pasa? (Whats happening?)  ¿En quà © piensas? (What are you thinking about?)  ¿De quà © hablas? (What are you talking about?)  ¿Para quà © estudiaba espaà ±ol? (Why did you study Spanish? What did you study Spanish for?)  ¿Por quà © se rompià ³ el coche? (Why did the car break down?)  ¿Qu à © restaurante prefieres? (What restaurant do you prefer?)dà ³nde - where -  ¿Dà ³nde est? (Where is it?)  ¿De dà ³nde es Roberto? (Where is Roberto from?)  ¿Por dà ³nde empezar? (Where do we begin?)  Ã‚ ¿Dà ³nde puedo ver el eclipse lunar?  (Where can I see the lunar eclipse?) Note that adà ³nde should be used when where can be substituted with where to with no change in meaning. adà ³nde  - where to, to where  -   Ã‚ ¿Adà ³nde  vas?  (Where are you going to? Where are you going?)  Ã‚ ¿Adà ³nde podemos ir con nuestro perro? (Where can we go to with our dog?)cundo - when -  ¿Cundo salimos? (When are we leaving?)  ¿Para cundo estar listo? (By when will it be ready?)  ¿Hasta cundo quedan ustedes? (Until when are you staying?)cul, cules - which one, which ones (This word also can often be translated as what. Generally speaking, when cul is used it suggests the making of a selection from more than one alternative.) -  ¿Cul prefieres? (Which one do you prefer?)  ¿Cules prefieres? (Which ones do you like?)cà ³mo - how -  ¿Cà ³mo ests? (How are you?)  ¿Cà ³mo lo haces? (How do you do it?)cunto, cunta, cuntos, cuntas - how much, how many -  ¿Cunto hay? (How much is there?)  ¿Cuntos? (How many?) - The masculine form is used unless in context it is known you are referring to an object or objects that are grammatically femini ne. For example,  ¿cuntos? might mean how many pesos? because pesos is masculine, while  ¿cuntas? might mean how many towels? because toallas is feminine. Using Interrogative Pronouns As you may have noticed, the interrogative pronouns are all spelled with accent marks that do not affect the pronunciation. Many of the interrogative pronouns also can be used in indirect questions  (as opposed to questions) while retaining  the accent mark. Note also that many of the interrogative pronouns can be used as other parts of speech, including adjectives and adverbs, either with or without the accent marks, depending on the context.

False and Puffery Advertising Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

False and Puffery Advertising - Essay Example Aside from these ethical issues, advertising is also considered to have an impact on activities of the industry and the society. According to Wolfe and Ferland (n.d.), â€Å"the goal of advertising is often to create a need, increase consumer awareness and ultimately influence consumers purchasing decisions.† It has been believed that the use of puffery in advertisement would be helpful and effective in order to build awareness and catch consumer’s attention. Puffery is vague promotional statements and claims that boost only the appeal of a product or service subjectively rather than objectively without a misleading intention that makes the advertisement immunized from regulation (Ford, 1996, p. 8). In legal aspects, false or deceptive advertisements are categorized as implied falsity, literal falsity, and puffery (Barigozzi & Peitz, 2007, p. 223). More often, puffery is not considered as deceptive advertising for it only used to indicate exaggerations, opinions, and su bjective claims about product qualities, properties, claims, slogans, and many more (Hunt, 2007). Puffery becomes deceptive only if it crosses the fine line of distinction between puffery and deceptive advertising such as falsely claiming superiority that affect consumer’s choices. Literal falsity refers to statements presumed to mislead consumer’s purchasing decision rather than general statements of opinions wherein no reasonable consumers are likely to rely (Matheson, 2009). Finally, advertisements that talk about facts but there is a hidden falsity across the information is called an implied falsity. The main thrust of this paper is to discuss ethical issues and situations about false and puffery advertising that has an impact on the industry and the society as a whole. Ethical and Social Responsibility From the ethical point of view, puffery and false or deceptive advertising are viewed as important elements in consumer’s choices and value through the highe st standard and accurate information that prevails in advertisements. In other words, in order for advertisements to be ethical, claims should be factually substantiated supported with empirical facts and evidences (Levinson & Godin, 1994, p. 36). Ethics in advertising is said to be an integral part of advertising itself because people who often read and see advertisements assumed that there are truths in advertising. As long as the advertisement did not imply nor literally guaranteed something in return upon promoting the product or services, the advertisement would not be considered unethical. Misrepresentations and deceptive aspects of advertising are among the common criticisms of ethics advertising. The issues take several forms and this include â€Å"using deceptive mock-ups, using untrue paid testimonials, inserting the word guarantee where nothing is guaranteed, quoting misleading prices, failing to disclose defects in a product, misleading disparaging a competitor’s goods, or simulating well-known brand names† (Velasquez, 2006). On the other hand, the deceptive aspects of advertising occurred if the conveyed information to the consumers such as the real attributes of the products or services are different from what have been advertised. In terms of social impact, criticisms are always part of advertising, sometimes it focused on the

Dynamics of health Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Dynamics of health - Essay Example In this paper, the above mentioned topics are clearly emphasized and discussed by providing them examples and illustrations. Moreover, they are also presented as factors proving that the health of individual can directly be correlated to his or her social environment. Brunner & Marmot (2006) emphasized causes of diseases and other related illnesses to be socio-economic aspects, geographical locations, climate and culture. Furthermore, stress can be noted in the second chapter of their article as one of the major causes of diseases. The process of acquiring disease from stress sounds like everything started out personal or social and then finally turned out into a more biological issue as the body physically responded to physical situations. Stress is an output of an environmental challenge faced by humans (Brunner & Marmot, 2006). The social environment in which the human lives is a challenging environment to live in. This shows that humans are not ensured from not experiencing stress as a result of various challenges faced by the humanity through socio-economic aspects, geographical locations, climate and culture. Stress is usually defined as reaction of people to excessive demands or pressures while coping with tasks, responsibilities or other job-related pressures and in the long run, it can lead to heart disease and high blood pressure (Robertson, 2000). The effect of stress can be so challenging and somehow serious to the extent that they are detrimental to future human race. Research shows that stress can affect fetus while the mother was stressed during pregnancy (Ward, 2007). It is important to think about treatment when it comes to management of chronic illness or other diseases. Thus, it is also important to look at patients’ response to some health care programs underlying treatment and prevention of diseases. This is simply to say that patients’ response to some programs underlying treatment may vary according to their

Networking Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Networking - Essay Example Portfolio 2 Activity 1 - Addressing Scheme (The packet tracer) No Subnet First host Last host Broadcast Subnet mask 1 192.168.10.32 192.168.10.33 192.168.10.62 192.168.10.63 255.255.2555.224 2 192.168.10.64 192.168.10.65 192.168.10.94 192.168.10.95 /27 3 192.168.10.96 192.168.10.97 192.168.10.126 192.168.10.127 255.255.2555.224 4 192.168.10.128 192.168.10.129 192.168.10.158 192.168.10.159 255.255.2555.224 5 192.168.10.160 192.168.10.161 192.168.10.190 192.168.10.191 255.255.2555.224 6 192.168.10.192 192.168.10.193 192.168.10.253 192.168.10.254 255.255.2555.224 Activity 2 – Cabling The link between the two routers (Vetinary and Rincewind) is a serial cable – one side has to be the DCE, meaning that it will provide the clock rate. Connect the DCE side (should be labelled as such) to Rincewind. Routers are specialised computers and as such, a crossover cable must be used for a direct computer to router connection (such as the one between Host 2 and Rincewind). Activity 3 - Basic router commands Command Function 1 logout Exit from the EXEC 2 ping Send echo messages 3

Briefing On Coaching And Mentoring Management Essay

Briefing On Coaching And Mentoring Management Essay This paper will critically assess the main approaches to coaching and mentoring; identify information needed to establish and implement effective strategies for coaching and mentoring; it will also identify the main barriers and blockages to effective coaching and mentoring; and lastly, it will expand on the requirements of an effective coaching and mentoring strategy. This paper will provide answer to the following questions: Identify and critically analyse the barriers and blockages that may occur to the successful implementation of a coaching and mentoring scheme at Coca-Cola Foods Identify management strategies that could be used to overcome blockages. Discuss the role played by key workplace stakeholders in enabling a learning culture in the workplace and identify how they could be used to help ensure that coaching and mentoring scheme was fully accepted and allowed to run successfully. What is coaching and mentoring? According to a journal from the (CIMA) website titled technical briefing: mentoring and coaching (2002), there is no universal definition for either of the terms (coaching and mentoring), as it can be defined differently in different contexts. For example: in Australia, wild life coaching is likely to be associated with humanistic psychology, whereas in the UK, is more likely to be associated with fringe medicine (Clutterbuck, D., 2008). However, in this paper coaching and mentoring is discussed in an organisational context. The Chartered Institute of Personnel and Development (CIPD) factsheet (2011) describes coaching and mentoring as a development technique used to enhance an individuals skills, knowledge or work performance based on the use of one-to-one discussion. Parsloe (1999, p8) defined coaching as, a process that enables learning and development to occur and thus performance to improve. He also added that in order to become a successful coach, one will need a comprehensive understanding of the various process, styles, skills, and techniques appropriate to different coaching situations. On the other hand, mentoring relates primarily to the identification and nurturing of potential for the whole person (Megginson Clutterbuck, 2005). In other words, a mentor acts as an adviser, counsellor, role model, and also, helps the client build a wider network from which to learn and influence. The differences between coaching and mentoring. The table below shows the differences between coaching and mentoring (Clutterbuck, 2008; Praxis Paper 14, 2007; CIMA Technical Briefing, January 2002). Coaching Mentoring Addresses performance in some aspect of an individuals work or life. Often associated with the entire development and career progress of an individuals work or life. More task-oriented, skills-focused, directed and time-bound. More open-ended personal development. Focuses on achieving specific objectives, usually within a preferred time period. Follows an open evolving agenda and deals with a range of issues. Similarities in coaching and mentoring. In some cases, coaching and mentoring share some common features such as: Both coaching and mentoring has to do with asking the right questions in order to generate individual self-awareness which can, in turn, lead to informed decision making, at whatever level of concern. They both offer a medium for analysis, reflection and action that ultimately allows the individual to improve in one more areas of their life or work. Coaching and mentoring are both linked with organizational change initiatives in order to help staff to accept and adapt to changes in a manner consistent with their personal values and goals. Why are coaching and mentoring programs important for organizations? Several organizations use coaching and mentoring programs as a fundamental part of the human resource development approach (Ensher Murphy (2010). Organizations benefit from coaching and mentoring programs as employees increase their sense of loyalty and commitment as a result of effective communication (Ensher Murphy (2010). Coaching and mentoring programs are also used as a tool by organizations to attract new employees, and for the retention of high potential talent. Coaching and mentoring programs offers a preventive option to improve performance before it becomes costly to the organization (Praxis Paper 14, 2007). With todays complex and fast-changing working environment, self-awareness, trust and relationships between managers and employees is vital. Therefore, coaching and mentoring programs offers a two-way relationship with both the individuals and the organizations, providing the opportunity to address such issues in a non-threatening way (Praxis Paper 14, 2007). What types of approaches and models are available for coaching and mentoring? It has been stated that coaching and mentoring can be seen as different styles on a continuum, with different approaches being suitable in different circumstances (Praxis Paper 14, 2007). Coaching Mentoring Figure 1: The Coaching/Mentoring Continuum (Praxis Paper 14, 2007) Main aim: Skills Performance Potential Personal Objectives: Finite/concrete Role/competencies Complex/evolving Style: Directive Non-directive Duration: Shorter Longer The most appropriate approach depends on the main aim of the intervention. These could be: Develop their skills: the coach usually has does a lot of telling and has specific and clear goals on how to develop the coachees skills. In most occasions, they have the expertise in the related field and want to pass it on. Improve their performance: the coach usually pays particular attention to the behaviour of the coachee, allowing the coach to observe any block that could affect the coachees performance. The GROW model can be applied in this situation. The GROW model is a performance coaching model where the coach asks a series of questions relating to the coachees Goal, their Reality, their Options and their Will. Maximise their potential: in this approach, the coach focuses on assisting the coachee to increase and expand their human capacities aiming at producing insight that allows them to see their situation from a different and wider perspective. A tool that can be used in this situation is the OSKAR model (Outcome, Scaling, Know-how and Resources). This model focuses on bringing out the existing skills and capabilities of the coachee to attain their self-defined goals. Proactively become the person they want to be: this approach offers the coachee a chance to stretch and challenge themselves to learn. The coach usually focuses on the coachees whole life (not just work) and does a lot of asking questions and listening. A well suited model for this approach will be the co-active, as it balances is the four corner coaching stones (the client is naturally creative, resourceful and whole; it addresses the clients whole life; the agenda comes from the client; and the relationship is designed alliance) to restore and give fulfilling meaning to the clients life. Stages in developing and implementing effective coaching and mentoring strategies. Burley Pomphrey, 2011cited in Clutterbuck (2003), identifies three main stages for developing and implementing effective coaching and mentoring as: context, process and outcome. These stages will enable the coach decide on the appropriate approach suitable for the intervention. An example of a typical coaching and mentoring process entails (Friday, E. Friday, S.S., 2002): Identifying the various target audiences the programs are to serve; Identifying the criteria for selecting mentees and mentors; Recruiting qualified mentees and mentors; Interviewing and selecting mentees and mentors; Matching and training mentees and mentors; Evaluating the mentee-mentor experience. Putting Coaching and Mentoring into practice: A case study of Coca-Cola Foods To address the first question, this section will briefly describe the company (Coca-Cola Foods) and the coaching and mentoring scheme implemented, it will also identify the barriers and blockages that was encountered during this process. Company overview Coca Cola is the number one manufacturer of soft drinks and also one of the most recognizable brands in the world and in the world. With their headquarters is situated in Atlanta Georgia. Coca-Cola sells nearly 400 different products in more than 200 different countries. 70% of its sales are generated outside of North America. Production is based on the franchise system Coca-Cola coaching and mentoring program (Veale Wachtel, 1996). Human Resource Development is considered as a key to building competitive advantage in Coca-Cola Foods. The company views coaching and mentoring as a tool for directly enhancing performance that is to continuously build employees skills in order to the creation of a high-performing organization. A challenge Coca-Cola was facing was the struggle to maximize and/or optimize their Human Resource Developments contribution to business success. In order to tackle this challenge, the company created a system of mentoring programs tools which included one -on-one mentoring, group mentoring and mentoring self-study. Up with the following approaches: To strengthen the link between business strategy and developmental focus; To involve leadership of the organization in all aspects of development; To use a variety of developmental tools to match personal and organizational needs better. The main aim of the coaching and mentoring program at Coca-Cola is to help the individual (employee) better understand the company and his or her role in it. However, the case study focuses on the coaching and mentoring processes used by the company to develop their employees. To maximize the benefits of coaching and mentoring, Coca-Cola Foods trains managers to establish a communication environment of mutual respect that is problem-focused and change-oriented. Some of the coaching and mentoring models used by Coca-Cola Foods in their training programmes are: The Hersey-Blanchard model with its emphasis on both task and support skills as a requirement of good coaching. This model focuses on using different leadership styles. For example, instead of using just one style, the model encourages successful leaders to change their leadership styles based on the maturity of the people theyre leading and the details of the task. Also, the company uses Front-line Leadership programme which has basic principles defining the tone and style of the conversation, and then other modules focused on the formats for communicating to enhance performance. The Front-line Leadership series clearly advocates mutual goal setting, discussion and problem solving within an atmosphere of trust and collaboration. Some potential barriers and blockages that could occur while implementing the coaching and mentoring program. When a coaching and mentoring programme is initiated in an organisation, it is necessary to understand the potential barriers that may occur for both members of the relationship. Considering these in advance and pointing them out to the potential coach and coachee may help to overcome them at an early stage. The incorrect matching of mentors/coaches and coachee/ protà ©gà ©s; The lack of managerial support; The resentment felt by those not involved in the coaching and mentoring programmes, perhaps due to a perception or favouritism; The creation of false promotional expectations; The overdependence of the mentor or mentee; Gender inequality; Blurring of role boundaries There are a number of factors which will contribute towards a successful relationship between mentor and mentee during the coaching and mentoring processes: Commitment and interest of the individuals involved Sufficient resources and organisational support Taking a holistic, personal approach Embedding the process in the organisational context Skills and experience of coaches and mentors Recognition of cross-cultural issues Ensuring an enabling external environment. Managerial strategies that could be used to overcome blockages. There are different ways a mentee can be supported, checked, encouraged and given constructive feedback. With each strategy, it is important to be aware of its purpose, appropriateness, the likely impact and its value to the mentee. Strategies can include: Giving advice offering the mentee your opinion on the best course of action. Giving information giving information on a specific situation (e.g. contact for resource). Taking action in support doing something on the mentees behalf. Observing and giving feedback work shadowing and observation by either or both parties. Observation coupled with constructive feedback is a powerful learning tool. Reviewing reflection on experience can develop understanding allowing one to consider future needs, explore options and strategies. The selection of strategies can be guided by a number of factors, such as: Values and principles underpinning the mentoring scheme in this case, encouraging self sufficiency and empowerment. Shared understanding between mentee and mentor of the purpose behind the mentoring relationship. Quality and level of the professional relationship. Level of experience and need of the mentee. Level of mentors own awareness and comfort with the mentoring process Managers will require the following skills for them to be good coaches and mentors: The role of stakeholders in coaching and mentoring It is crucial for managers to see the value and understand the importance of developing individuals, teams and the overall organisation. The primary relationship in any coaching or mentoring scheme is between the coach/mentor and the individual, but this may not be the only important relationship. Other key stakeholders such as the people representing the organisations interests, in most cases an HR and/or learning and development practitioner, and the individuals manager. All of these parties are interested in improving the individuals performance and therefore their contribution to the organisation. In the case Coca-Cola Foods, a ten-part coaching and mentoring scheme was initiated. Most facilitated mentoring programmes have a formal process which defines each step and audits the ongoing success of the programme. Although these processes will differ somewhat in how they address the needs of the stakeholders, most programmes generally follow procedures similar to those below: Mentees identified: in this step, Coca- Cola Foods identifies the group of people who are eligible for the mentoring programme. This can be done in a variety of ways looking at certain job levels, departments, employee characteristics, etc. Once the target group is defined, specific mentees can be identified by having them volunteer, be nominated by a boss or other sponsor. Identify developmental needs: the developmental needs are determined and an individual development plan is prepared in this stage. This can be done by having the mentees disclose what they think are their developmental needs, having bosses determine these needs, and/or having skill deficiencies revealed through assessment. Identify potential mentors: this step produces a pool of individuals who can serve as mentors. They may volunteer for the role, may be chosen by a mentee, or may be recruited by senior managers. Prior to selection, a mentors general ability and willingness to handle the role should be assessed. Mentor/mentees matching: a mentor is selected for a specific mentee after considering the skills and knowledge needed by the mentee and the ability of the mentor to provide practice or guidance in those areas. Compatibility of styles and personalities can be critical. Mentor and mentee orientation: before the start of the mentoring relationship, an orientation is held for both the mentors and mentees. For mentors this orientation covers time commitments, types of activities, time and budget support, the relationship with the natural boss, reporting requirements and the mentees responsibility for the development. Contracting: a clear agreement is an essential foundation for a good mentoring relationship. It includes a development plan, confidentiality requirement, the duration of the relationship, frequency of the meetings, time to be invested in mentoring activities by each party, and the role of the mentor. Periodic meetings: most mentors and mentees meet for performance planning, coaching, and feedback sessions. The frequency can be determined by the nature of the relationship and by geographical proximity. At these meetings, both parties are candid about progress of the process. Periodic reports: it will be easier to evaluate the success of the mentoring programme if periodic status reports are by both the mentor and mentee. Depending on the level of formality in the programme, this step may or may not occur. Conclusion: a mentoring relationship concludes when the items delineated in the initial agreement have been accomplished or when time/business/budget constraints will prevent the relationships from continuing. It may also be concluded when one of the pair believes it is no longer productive for them to work together. Evaluation and follow-up: after the relationship concludes, both the mentor and mentee are questioned, via interviews or other assessment instruments, about the value of the process, timing, logistics, time constraints and any other valid concerns that could affect the mentoring process. Communication is a plays a major role in building a coach/coachee relationship. Both parties can benefit from analysing a number of key skills (active listening and questioning). The skill of Active Listening Active listening is the ability to listen and internalise what is being said, essentially listening and understanding. You can use your whole self to convey the message of an active listener involved in the discussion, showing interest, gaining trust and respect. This can be achieved by using verbal and non-verbal communication. Using the art of questioning Questioning, if used effectively, is a very useful and powerful tool. It allows the mentee-mentor relationship to develop, assisting the mentee in exploring and understanding their experiences with the hope of formulating avenues and actions for the future. Conclusion The implementation of coaching and mentoring programmes at Coca-Cola was successful, as these programs helped strengthen the company and also fostered professional growth and development for the employees. Because there is a great deal of evidence regarding the important contributions which mentors make to career success, and because Coca-Cola has tied both mentor and coaching programmes to business goals, it would seem that Coca-Cola Foods approach is in line with both the scientific evidence and with recent proponents of achieving competitive advantage through people.

Print Vs. Press :: essays research papers

Print vs. Press   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  In today’s elections the Media is one of the biggest influences in most elections. Throughout the years the Media has changed quiet a bit. As in most cases, today’s technology has revolutionized the Media and the way we get our information. Not only do we hear about elections through the media, we learn of updated news pertaining to our everyday lives. There are two types of Media that presents different stimuli, which vary substantially from nature to content. The two types are the Printing press and the Electronic press. Both play major roles in educating and informing our nation.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Print media is best known for it’s â€Å"excel in conveying factual details (graber189).† Graber goes on to add that the print media is generally credited with conveying more knowledge that audiovisual media does. One Critic by the name of Neil Postman says that if our nation is exposed to too much television, we might turn into a nation of dilettantes who avoid the serious issues of the world. I think that we are seeing some of that now. Look at Clinton for example, our media has not been as involved in how well our country has been doing. Rather the media is steady telling the nation who he sleeps with and what he has for breakfast. On the contrary, the newspapers and so on are giving us facts. They are telling us more about the health care reform, and about issues over seas. We as a nation need to care more about our country and set aside some of our amusement. One on the major down falls of the printing press is that, most times the news we r ead is that of old news. If there is an attack in Russia on Wednesday, then it will not be until Thursday or Friday until we read it in the paper. Another example is that of Time magazine. Subscribers of Time usually receive their magazine a week or two later that the latest news. I think that the printing press is for the more informative group and should not be left in the dark.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  The Electronic Media is however convenient and has the ability of reaching millions of people within a matter of minutes. Think about someone hiking in the woods. If there is a global matter and the president needs to address the nation the hiker could hear about this through a cellular phone.

Locarno Honeymoon

So called because the pacts of the mid 1920s were intended to introduce a period of calm to Europe. It was eventually realised that some of the policies made during this time were in reality unproductive. â€Å"The agreements [of the Locarno Treaties] were greeted with wild enthusiasm all over Europ, and then reconciliation between France and Germany was referred to as the ‘Locarno honeymoon’. Later, historians were not so enthusiastic about Locarno; there was one glaring omission from the agreements – no guarantees were given by Germany or Britain about Germany’s eastern frontiers with Poland and Czechoslovakia, the very areas where trouble was most likely to arise. † Lowe, Norman. Mastering Modern World History. Houndmills, Basingstoke, Hampshire: Palgrave Macmillan, 2005. Print. The Locarno agreements: Date: 1925. Countries involved: Germany, France, Belgium, Britain, Italy. Aims: Britain and Italy would help Belgian and French frontiers against German attacks. And also help German frontiers against French agrresion. Tried making a more friendly attitude between countries, and tried to make closer relations with Germany. Supported Germany to join the league of nation, even though many countries objected so it did not happen immediately. Also to add: The Locarno honeymoon (1925) Temporarily resolved the conflict between Germany and France – Provided hope all across Europe of a long lasting peace – Also a false sense of security – Germany accepted its borders with France and Belqium as permanent. These borders were required by the UK, France, Germany, Italy – Seen as a great step towards long lasting peace – Britain and Germany did not guarantee it would help secure the borders of Germany with Czechoslovakia and Poland. This gave Germany the message that they c ould do whatever they want with no consequences

Moral Dilemma Between the Right Thing to Do and What is Good

Moral Dilemma Between the Right Thing to Do and What is Good Introduction The ethical dilemmas to be analyzed can best be resolved by striking a balance between what is the right thing to do and what is good. In these two cases, the right solutions will depend on the ability to merge a number of factors that affect the overall outcomes.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Moral Dilemma Between the Right Thing to Do and What is Good specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Case studies In the first case of the copywriter who finds out that disclaimer information has been removed from the advertisement, the action I would take would be to continue with the advertisement but have proof of the fact that the missing disclaimer information was removed by the marketing director. On the other hand, what I should do is to refuse to instate those changes and to take the matter to the chemical company through the marketing manager’s boss. These actions are quite different from one another bec ause the first alternative takes into consideration the consequences of the action rather than the means needed to achieve them (Shockley-Zalabak Pamela, 2009). In this regard, choosing to counteract the actions of the marketing director could cause a loss of the account. It is likely that my firm may be more interesting in retaining business rather than meeting some ethical obligations. Therefore, in order to avoid losing my job, I would let the copy proceed and then find a way of protecting myself if the issue created negative consequences to the public. This would cause the least harm to the said parties. On the other hand, the other alternative of refusing to pass the copies and confronting the marketing director’s boss should be the right thing to do. In this ethical dilemma the copywriter is confronted with the challenge of choosing between doing the right thing and doing the good one. Most teleologists and human beings tend to focus on the results i.e. on the good rat her than the right. However, the highest standard of morality will usually result when a person has decided to engage in a rightful act that produces good consequences. When this is not possible, then one must forgo the good consequences in order to do the right thing. If the disclaimer information causes the public substantial problems in their health then the consequences would be dire. Even if the public health issue may not crop up in this case, it would in the future and hence lead to diminished business by the chemical company as well as poor health; the consequences of doing nothing about the issues are clearly more than they are for doing something about them. Conversely, going silent on the issue is likely to lead to loss of business and maybe even the job of the copywriter. The immediacy and surety of these consequences is what truly necessitated the first option. However, morally right actions sometimes need to sacrifice short term interests of long term ones hence the se cond option (Shockley-Zalabak Pamela, 2009).Advertising Looking for essay on ethics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More If I was the consultant who was a specialist in the training programs I would not comply with the president’s requirements. I would inform him of my concerns about the secrecy of his request and the unethical nature of this demand. This course of action is also what one should do. The risks and damages that lie in accepting that conditionality are too high compared to the benefits of not doing so. The president has stated that the matter should be confidential and that if personnel knew then they would object. This admission by the president is a sign that the President is not immune from accountability and that his actions should also be agreeable to other parties. The consultant will therefore have the support of other parties and his chances of keeping the job are quite high even after choos ing to oppose the President’s directives. Furthermore, the training business would suffer less if the consultant concentrated on actual training rather than giving reports on the most talented people in the programs to the president. The realistic nature of these consequences therefore makes rejection of the President’s request a plausible option. On the other hand, the ethical reasons involved in this scenario also favor the same course of action. First, if other companies come to realize that the consultant business participates in shortcuts during recruitment then this would tarnish the image of the business. The consultant has a duty to his company which means that he must engage in actions that would heighten the well being of his organization rather than tarnish its image. He needs to look at the greater good and let go of momentary satisfaction which would be to maintain business with the building products manufacturer. The long term benefits of this business ea sily outweigh the complications the short term business that is being brought by this building products manufacturer. As stated earlier, the best moral actions are those ones that follow the right means and lead to the best consequences (Shockley-Zalabak Pamela, 2009.). In this case, the manner in which the contract clause is to be executed signifies some of the problems that can emanate from it. The president wanted the clause to be secret and the reports to be submitted secretly. It shows that he was aware of the wrongs of these actions hence his reason for avoiding personnel in his company. He was trying to use a shortcut to recruitment instead of performing his role in the right manner as is the case with other people in his industry or in his situation. Even the manner in which he introduced the issue is testimony to how wrong that contract was. He only talked about the secret report and did not write it in the contract. He also mentioned it after talking about the mutually be neficial relationship so the latter seemed like a bribe.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Moral Dilemma Between the Right Thing to Do and What is Good specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Conclusion Sometimes the end does not justify the means when these would clash with another then the duty of the agent is to do what is right rather than to focus on the consequences as was the case of the consultant and the copywriter. Reference Shockley-Zalabak, Pamela S. (2009.). Fundamentals of organizational communication knowledge, sensitivity, skills, values (7th ed.). Boston: Pearson Education. ISBN: 0536694621

Information Security Standards for Internal Revenue Service

Information Security Standards for Internal Revenue Service Information Revenue Service (IRS) is an American agency that collects taxes and enforces the tax laws that guide the entire process. Since the agency is handling information deemed confidential, it has employed numerous securities standards in enhancing confidentiality of their data.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Information Security Standards for Internal Revenue Service specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The information security standards at IRS have abroad perspective; the security components include physical security program, Privacy, Information Protection and Data Security (PIPDS), Information Technology (IT) Security, and National and Personal Security Information (Internal Revenue Manual, n.d.). Information privacy at IRS remains a key issue in enhancing taxpayers’ confidence. The purpose of physical security program is to offer protection to the lives of employees and the entire management of IRS. IRS protects its information through data security, physical security, and sensitive procedures of handling documents. These complex procedures ensure that these resources are not accessible to third parties. Third parties ease to data accessibility can cause risk and harm. In enhancing information security, IRS ensures that the security procedures are in line with the federal regulations of disclosure, access, disposition, and use of information. Under this program, there are authorities that ensure the employees and contractors meet the outlined standards fully. For instance, The Privacy Act of 1974 prohibits information disclosure from public records without a written acceptance from the concerned person. The Act follows a specified rule regarding allowing an individual to access any information. The rule clarifies on the timing fee and location under which the body can authenticate one to view the data (Internal Revenue Manual, n.d.). Although one has a right to get access to any of the agency’s records, an exemption prohibits information access by the public. If on request for information availability on a format that is already available, the agency is free to supply such information on a format that is reproducible. Additionally, IRS conducts annual security briefings to its employees in order to familiarize them with their security responsibilities. The agency only grants access to sensitive information on a need-to-know basis, and the employees remain responsible for providing security to all information to enhance trust among the public. The agency has a Physical Security Handbook that outlines guidelines on minimum information security standards that allow flexibility for developing higher standards for meeting different requirements. The management at IRS implements these policies on physical security.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In Information Technology (IT) Security, IRS’s systems and applications are secured (Internal Revenue Manual, n.d.). The IT Security creates, updates, and maintains information. This system enhances the security of information that the taxpayers have given to IRS thus averting issues of unauthorized information access. Clearly, information security starts with improving physical security of the organization. On Privacy, Information Protection, and Data Security (PIPDS), IRS uses modern technological applications to protect the taxpayers’ personal identifiable information. The agency uses these data according to the applicable laws and Presidential Directives (Internal Revenue Service (IRS), 2013). This step enhances confidence among the American taxpayers. Notably, PIPDS Programs and Policies carry out implementation of varied programs that boost information security standards. For instance, the Privacy Impact Assessments (PIAs) carries out th e overall assessment of both the internal and external threats that can compromise information confidentiality. This program follows the guidelines in the E-Government Act of 2002. Further, Information Protection program protects taxpayers from identity theft. The policies and procedures avoid access of data by hackers. Incident Management Program (IMP) is a program that takes necessary steps and responses in case of data losses especially personally identifiable data. IMP also responds to data disclosure, breach, and theft. IRS prevents third parties from accessing taxpayers’ private information. IRS launched IMP after the President’s Identity Theft Task Force recommendations of data loss notification. Notably, it is a requirement for employees to report any disclosure, theft, and loss of information within an hour. This reporting time limit is meant to minimize the possibility of compromising personal information thus can be used in committing fraudulent activities. However, an employee has to confirm the identity of the caller before reporting the incident within the stipulated one hour. This step helps in confirming if the caller is a taxpayer or not (US Tax Center, n.d.). The PIPDS office monitors and regulates Live Data Testing Reviews. The regulations restrict live data testing without prior written approval; this responsibility lies with the PIPDS office. Taxpayers who perform online transactions through computers are protected from fraudulent cases by the Online Fraud Detection Prevention. The launched phishing program conducts a global monitoring of those who access their websites; in case of malicious occurrences, the program reports to the central system for immediate intervention.Advertising We will write a custom research paper sample on Information Security Standards for Internal Revenue Service specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Markedly, IRS has ensured safety of their data by usin g these programs. In addition, IRS assigns pseudonyms to all their employees. Pseudonyms are false identity names; they ensure safety of employees. In online transactions, such names make it difficult for trackers to identify the personal information of the employees. IRS policies require that an employee must give adequate justifications to why he/she wants to use the pseudonym. Employees have to register these pseudonyms with the managers; this is for accountability purposes. IRS also runs the Unauthorized Access (UNAX) program. UNAX program offers employees’ awareness on consequences of compromising data like losing the public’s confidence (Internal Revenue Manual, n.d.). There is also strict legislation on breaching of Personally Identifiable Information (PII). Personal safety also comprises of harassment, taxpayer contacting an employee with no legitimate communication, and taxpayer’s aggression towards IRS employees. The well-guided procedure on the use of pseudonyms shows the extent at which IRS puts into concern its information security standards. On its key principles, IRS works towards protecting individuals’ rights to privacy. IRS can distribute these data only when they are authorized by federal legislation. The employees can be allowed to access these taxpayers’ data. In case of information leakage to wrong or unauthorized persons during this process, these groups of people become liable. The law requires them not to leak any taxpayer’s information in any format, either electronic formats or hardcopy documents, to any person. The agency goes ahead to conduct in-house trainings to these groups of people in order to remind them of their daily expectations. Moreover, the senior management is always in the forefront in ensuring that the employees adhere to the privacy policy and data security procedures. In case of non-compliance, the senior management applies penalties in line with the IRS policy and guidelin es. The IRS Privacy Principles include the following: It is a public trust to protect employees and taxpayers’ privacies, information are only collected upon request from the tax management, these information are used for a specific purpose, and reliable information are to be obtained from individuals who relate to them (Internal Revenue Service Topics Page, n.d.). In their services and roles, IRS stipulates that its employees, visitors and contractors must adhere to the federal privacy guidelines. IRS system owners are expected to be formulating and promoting effective and efficient information protection, employee and taxpayer policy, and information security programs.Advertising Looking for research paper on business economics? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More The different divisions in IRS enhance service delivery as specialization does increases work output. The information security standard is enhanced through IRS partnership with Government Liaison and Disclosure. The partnership ensures that the privacy policy applied in the agency is in accordance with the Privacy Act of 1974. It also facilitates the development and distribution of periodical reviews that update the changes on information protection policy. The Information Security Standards for IRS uphold privacy of data. However, monitoring of people as they access information in the internet shows that privacy is at the same time not fully upheld. The idea of tracking for collecting statistical data is revoking the same provisions of information security as it results to tracking (IRS Has Improved Controls but Needs to Resolve Weaknesses, 2013). From this point of view, information in the World Wide Web seems to expose a persons privacy such as location and computer information l ike internet protocol address. Although IRS has made tremendous steps towards achieving total information protection, it still requires effective implementation of the information security program. Some of the components of security, which have not met their targets or operated effectively, include the IRS procedure of testing on the financial system. Data privacy is essential in element in any organization. IRS should ensure that all their security programs are effective thus working towards meeting their objectives. In the end, the improved services will raise taxpayers’ confidence, trust, and loyalty. References IRS Has Improved Controls but Needs to Resolve Weaknesses. (2013, March 15).U.S. Government Accountability Office (U.S. GAO). Web. Internal Revenue Manual. (n.d.).  Internal Revenue Service. Web. Internal Revenue Service (IRS). (2013, March 7).  USA.gov: The U.S. Governments Official Web Portal. Web. Internal Revenue Service Topics Page. (n.d.).  USA TODAY: L atest World and US News USATODAY.com. Web. US Tax Center. (n.d.).  US Tax Center | File Your Tax Return Online, Tax Extension, Tax Forms, Tax Help. Web.

Strategic Audit of Caterpillar Corporation Research Paper

Strategic Audit of Caterpillar Corporation - Research Paper Example The long term strategic goals of the company are along there different dimensions of Superior results, best team and global leadership. The company aims to achieve superior result which results in the fact that the company is regarded as a solid long term investment venture which gives shareholder return of the top 25% of the companies listed in S&P 500. The company also has a goal of having the best team. The team should be comprised of people who enjoy a work place characterized by features such as safe and inclusive. The company also wants to ensure that the customers of the company should be more successful with the company than with their competitors.   PoliciesThe values of the company are put to action through different activities. The company ensures integrity by delivering what they promise, being trust worthy and fair, and not influencing or getting influenced by others. In order to achieve excellence the company has in place the Caterpillar production system and 6 sigma.    In order to be sustainable the company gives products and services which are sustainable, and devote time and resources to sustainability. The company also focuses on team work and commitment in order to achieve the long term vision of the company.   Opportunities and Threats on External Environment 1. Natural physical EnvironmentCaterpillar Corporation Inc. is an American company that manufactures, designs, sells and markets different product segments including financial products, machinery, insurance and engines to customers.

History the world Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

History the world - Essay Example One of the evidences that prove the significance of the agricultural revolution as a turning point in human history is the shift in economic activity that has persisted to the current period. Before the agricultural revolution, man relied on hunting and gathering for his food supplies, activities that required fewer skills that aimed at capturing a target. The agricultural revolution however witnessed improvement in human initiatives that involved development of agricultural based technologies for agricultural practices. These initiatives marked a turning point because they formed a system that has not been replaced but has only been refined and developed towards higher levels of efficiencies. The revolution therefore marked a turning point in agricultural based technological developments in human initiatives (Kahn, p. 12). The agricultural revolution also marked a turning point in human history because of the shift in man’s main economic activity. While the Paleolithic man relied on gathering and hunting, the agricultural revolution made a shift towards agricultural dependence that has never been reversed. Even though hunting and gathering continued, it has never been practiced as the main economic activity as it used to be practiced prior to the agricultural revolution. Another significance of the agricultural revolution that marked the turning point in human history is its large-scale food supply that shifted man from small-scale food generation ventures, in hunting and gathering, to mass production of food that could then be stored for future use. This is because of the low output levels of hunting and gathering as compared to agricultural output that could sustain food supplies needs for longer periods. Such reliance in mass production has been maintained in human history to indicate that i t was a significant development. Unlike

Environmetal policy and Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Environmetal policy and Law - Essay Example It must not be situated within an aquifer, a public water supply (any closer than 1,000 feet), within a one hundred year flood plain, underground mines, within channels, ravines, or steep topography that has unstable slope, and within woody draws. Also to be taken consideration is the fact that the designated area must not be near any habitats for endangered or threatened species of plant, fish, or wildlife (North Dakota Department of Health, 2006). 5. A leachate pond will be established so as to collect the liquid that will be produced by the wastes. This structure is essential in collecting chemicals that may possibly contaminate the water table. 7. Landfill cells will be established as the need arises or as gradually as possible, to avoid any waste material hazards that may arise out of the certain cell. A cell is established by excavating and lining the area with clay and plastic liners. It is only at this point where waste materials can be disposed in the area. Meanwhile, landfill cells could also be established by carefully removing the top soil and subsoil for final reclamation purposes. Windbreaks or tree planting establishment could also be utilised so as to prevent any prevailing wind destructions that may hamper operations. Remediation measures will be done if it has been deemed necessary based from constant monitoring, assessment, and evaluation of landfill activities. Before dumping the waste materials in the landfill area, there is a need to properly segregate materials that are suitable and not suitable for waste disposal (Division of Environmental Management, 1996). Suitable materials for disposal includes: demolition wastes, asphalt and rubble, wood, bricks, concrete, uncontaminated soil, rocks, excavated materials, green wastes, tree stumps, fencing materials, and other uncontaminated biodegradable materials. On the other

Earth Sociology Essay Example for Free

Earth Sociology Essay The author of the book entitled Down to Earth Sociology focused his writings on conceptual issues regarding the social interactions of the people in everyday life including the aspect of understanding the individual experiences in the society and the analysis of the different dominant social cultures. The selections of the said book also emphasizes the different significant themes of the modern sociology including sociological analysis of the concept of gender, power, politics, sports, religion, racial tensions, crimes, poverty, homelessness, and the global outlook of economic capitalism. In this book, the author Henslin presented his ideas and analysis in the same scientific manner and process that is being implemented by the contemporary sociologist of the modern age. Through this, the book has able to critically analyze and present every intricate detail that is involved in the sociological research as guided by the main concept of the hypothesis. The book presented its views in relation to the present hypothetical concepts and theories in trying to explain and interpret the different social phenomena in the modern civilization. Included in the book of Henslin are detailed discussions of the different sociological theories that are guiding the research and development pursuit of the said field. These sociological theories are defined to have been developed at multiple levels, ranging from large theory to highly definite and explicit small-scale ones. Rather than thinking of one theory being excellent to the other theories it is more beneficial as well as informative to view these different theories as correlation with each other. One of the sociological theories on how to explain different phenomena that has been elaborated is the Structural-Functionalism, which is defined as a sociological theory that pertains on how to explain several social institutions as a means to be able to satisfy or fulfill the individual’s biological means. Another theory that has been discussed in Henslin’s book is the Conflict theory that is explained as a sociological theory that points out that society is not about unity or universal agreement but rather this theory is all about competition. According to this theory, society consists of different individuals who are competing for the limited supply of resources. An example of this conflict is in the Legislative branch of the United States Government wherein men are still viewed as more powerful and superior over women when it comes to the politics. As an effect, women’s privileges to express their opinions and ideas are still significantly limited. In this situation, it is clearly stated that there is a clash or conflict between genders, which also illustrate the obvious concept of inequality between men and women. Aside from the ones previously mentioned, another theory that was discussed by Henslin is the Symbolic Interactionalism that is discussed as a sociological approach on how to understand the proximity or relationship between human and society. The basic idea of Symbolic Interactionalism is that human action and interaction are only by means of exchanging substantial communications and symbols. Based on this theory, humans and lower forms of animals are different from each other because lower form of animals can easily respond to the environment while the human being has the capability to interrupt this process. In addition, lower forms of animals do not have the capability in conceiving different alternative responses to gestures unlike human beings they can easily grasp different gestures. Another theory is the Role Theory; this pertains to the different roles represented by an individual in their everyday lives such as the father, secretary, or friend. For instance, most people their notion or representations of secretary include: answering phone calls, making and managing appointments, filling different paper works, and typing memorandums. These different roles of a secretary could not be expected of professional basketball player. Basically, every individual have different personalities and roles in the society. In addition, the book entitled Down to earth sociology by James M. Henslin focused on real life situation in which all the readers can surely relate. Henslin’s book is indeed user friendly, entertaining to read and indeed valuable because it talks about actual life situations and social phenomenon. The sociological perspectives that is generally employed in the book enables the people to look below the surface of social life and examine different factors that shape our behavior, attitudes, and culture as well as our beliefs in life. Bibliography Henslin, J. M. (2005). Down to Earth Sociology. The Free Press, New York, USA. 13th Edition, Pages 281-296. ISBN 0743267605. Von Der Haar, Christine M. (2005). Social Psychology: A Sociological Perspective. Prentice Hall, USA. ISBN: 0130809837.